What is a Domain?
A domain serves as the user-friendly identity for one or more IP addresses. For instance, the domain name “google.com” corresponds to the IP address “74.125.127.147.” Domain names were created to simplify the process of accessing websites by providing a memorable name instead of a lengthy numerical address. Typing a domain name into the browser’s URL bar is far more convenient than inputting a string of numbers.

In essence, a domain name is the web address people enter into their browser’s URL bar to reach your website. To put it simply, if your website is a house, the domain name is its address.

A domain name can’t exceed sixty-three characters, excluding extensions like .com, .net, .org, .edu, and so on. The minimum length for a domain name is one character, excluding the extensions. It appears in the URL following the protocol and subdomain, as demonstrated in the following example and image:

For instance: https://www.google.com

https: (Protocol)
www. (Subdomain)
google.com (Domain and domain suffix)

How Domain Names Operate:
When a domain name is entered into your web browser, it sends a request to the global network of servers that make up the Domain Name System (DNS), which functions like the internet’s phonebook.

The server then searches for the name servers associated with the domain and forwards the request to these name servers. These name servers are large computers managed by hosting companies. The hosting company then forwards the request to the web server where your website is stored. The web server retrieves the requested web page or information and sends it to the browser.

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) oversees the Domain Name System. ICANN is a non-profit organization responsible for establishing and implementing policies related to domain names.

ICANN authorizes companies known as Domain Name Registrars to sell domain names. These registrars are also allowed to manage domain name registry changes on your behalf, sell domain names, maintain their records, handle renewals, and facilitate transfers to other registrars. As a domain name owner, it’s your responsibility to renew your domain registration before it expires.